What every woman should know about the most common oncological disease, what symptoms it presents with, whether there is prevention, and how important annual screening is. This topic is discussed by mammologist, Doctor of Medical Sciences, oncosurgeon, Professor Gia Nemsadze.

• Breast cancer is the leading nosology of cancer in women. What is the main cause of this disease?

When I am asked what is the biggest risk factor for developing breast cancer, my answer is – gender. Yes, being born as a woman, is the main provoking factor as the statistic in males is insignificantly low. In addition, there are several external or internal factors, such as genetic background, hormonal disbalance, not having a lactation period, infertility, polluted environment, radiation, ultraviolet rays, and stress and psychological state, playing a leading role.

-  How the patients should behave if genetic background is identified? 

The most important prevention is preventive checkups, and screening has crucial importance for that.

- What are the symptoms of breast cancer?

I’ll repeat and say that that’s why screening is important, as this disease may be asymptomatic, especially in the early stages. We should know that in case of a change in breast shape, deformation, or density, it is necessary to visit a doctor.

- Are there myths about the causes of the disease; do the patients come to you with incorrect information?

Trauma is often linked to the development of the disease, though often it only provokes disease, meaning the disease already existed in the body, and the trauma contributed to its detection. There are also exaggerated opinions on wearing a bra and using antiperspirant, which is also a myth.

- How important is mood after the diagnose is established?  

The immunological strength of those with stable psycho-emotional background is disposed to easily defeat disease and win the fight between body and tumor

- How important is it to raise awareness, speak frequently about the topic, and have correct information?

It is crucially important. Regular screening reduces the risk of disease development. 

Detection of breast cancer at early stages, before the diseases progresses, enables effective treatment and cure.